Sonny s Blues By James Baldwin - 2300 Words

In the short story â€Å"Sonny’s Blues†, by James Baldwin there is the notion or a reoccurring theme of a conflict between light and dark between the characters. The notion is carried throughout the story of two brothers finding their own lights and trying to work towards a greater life. In the late 50’s, after the Harlem Renaissance, adolescents are faced with drug sales everywhere and crime sprees around every corner, this is one example of the darkness in the story. Kids began to form bad habits that revolved around drugs and crime because it was what they became used to seeing in their everyday routine. Later on in life they would find themselves in unthinkable situations and not finding a way out. Sonny’s older brother, who is also the narrator of the story finds himself in disbelief because he finds out his brother is incarcerated because of a heroin addiction. Sonny wanted to be a famous pianist but thought that heroin would open his mind up and mak e his creative thought flow. By using his music, Sonny tries to make a better life for himself and attempts to return to the light after being in the dark for so long. The notion of light and dark reflects the character’s personalities and actions as they struggle to live in the ominous city of Harlem. The author expresses the human spirit throughout â€Å"Sonny’s Blues† to reveal how the characters and ordinary people find their own light within the darkness in which they live. Baldwin had chosen specifically to use Harlem as theShow MoreRelatedSonny s Blues By James Baldwin827 Words   |  4 PagesSonny’s Blues In James Baldwin’s â€Å"Sonny’s Blues† it is only when a brother loses his child that he realizes how easy it can be to lose his brother. The narrator’s little brother, Sonny, was left in his charge when their parents passed away. He neglects Sonny and leaves him to work through hard decisions on his own which leads to Sonny being picked up by the police for using and selling drugs. When the narrator’s daughter, Grace, passes he sees how suffering can affect people and reaches outRead MoreSonny s Blues By James Baldwin1252 Words   |  6 PagesThe story â€Å"Sonny’s Blues† by James Baldwin centers on the conflicting relationship between two brothers that is explored throughout various stages of their lives. Through the structured, melodic style used by Baldwin there are reoccurring themes of suffering, family, and home that are used to further convey the idea of two brothers who love each other, but don’t understand eac h other. Ultimately, the relationship between the two brothers is greatly strained due them being polar opposites, their lackRead MoreJames Baldwin s Sonny s Blues956 Words   |  4 PagesJames Baldwin brings you on an emotional ride through Harlem in the 1950’s with his short story, â€Å"Sonny’s Blues.† From the beginning, we are in media res when the unnamed narrator is informed of bad news concerning his younger, troubled brother, Sonny. Throughout the story we witness the ocean of emotions between these two brothers battling hardships from their past, through flashbacks, and present time. The setting plays an important role in â€Å"Sonny’s Blues† to an extent where it is practically aRead MoreJames Baldwin s Sonny s Blues2994 Words   |  12 PagesINTRODUCTION Sonny, from James Baldwin’s â€Å"Sonny’s Blues,† is portrayed as a sufferer. He struggles with his stagnation in Harlem, his unfulfilled dreams and the disconnect between himself and his only family, his brother. However, not all hope is lost. He serves as a teacher for others, full of knowledge of how one can truly suffer and still triumph (Norton 47). Only when he is finally able to connect with his brother through music, are his â€Å"blues† finally heard and he affirms his individualityRead MoreSonny s Blues By James Baldwin1028 Words   |  5 Pagesand influence the subject’s ideas. Consciously and unconsciously, the individual reflects the confluence of his or her history and culture. In â€Å"Sonny’s Blues†, a short story by James Baldwin, the dominant culture constricts the black individual. Subject to the explicit and latent biases of a racist society, the black population of â€Å"Sonny’s Blues† attempt to en dure oppression and suffering and survive in an unforgiving land. However, they can thrive here with the hope and salvation provided by theRead MoreSonny s Blues By James Baldwin Essay1745 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Sonny’s Blues† is a narration about two siblings – brothers - who choose very different routes in life in order to accomplish the zenith of individualism, expressionism and recognition. In doing so, they take a glimpse into one another’s spheres and learn to assent and appreciate each other for who they are. In 1951, Baldwin wrote Sonny’s Blues, a story of the ills that Harlem provided its youth. In Baldwin’s telling of the narration, it forms a nous of liberation, an atmosphere of therapeutic acceptanceRead MoreAnalysis Of James Baldwin s Sonny s Blues Essay1154 Words   |  5 Pagesntroduction: James Baldwin, author of Sonny s Blues, once said, I grew up with music...much more than with any other language. In a way, the mus ic I grew up with saved my life (Session 3 Inquiry: Rudolfo Anaya and James Baldwin, 2015).   Blues becomes Sonny s drug and his addiction to it his salvation.       Even though the adults refrain from lamenting their sufferings directly to the children and telling them about the darkness, the child-narrator still intimates its marks in their facesRead MoreAnalysis Of James Baldwin s Sonny s Blues 995 Words   |  4 PagesJames Baldwin presents an emotional journey through Harlem in the 1950’s with his short story, â€Å"Sonny’s Blues.† From the beginning, the story is in medias res when the unnamed narrator is informed of bad news concerning his younger, troubled brother, Sonny. Throughout the story there is an ocean of emotions witnessed between these two brothers as they battle hardships from their past and present time. The setting plays an important role in â€Å"Sonny’s Blues† to an extent where it is practically a characterRead MoreAnalysis Of James Baldwin s Sonny s Blues Essay2104 Words   |  9 PagesSeveral dialectics are at play in James Baldwin’s short story â€Å"Sonnyâ€℠¢s Blues† including a dialectic between the narrator and his beloved brother Sonny involving their opposing responses to the sense of oppression and limitation that arises from living in Harlem. This dialectic and its resolution closely parallel Baldwin’s masterful use of Blues, Jazz, and Gospel music. We follow the narrator and his brother Sonny as they traverse the complexities of their individual and interconnected Harlem livesRead MoreAnalysis Of `` Sonny s Blue `` By James Baldwin1474 Words   |  6 Pages Music can be the lead to freedom from darkness. The story â€Å"Sonny’s Blue† by James Baldwin takes places in Harlem around the 1950’s. The story is about two brothers. One of the brothers is the narrator of the story whose name is unknown. The narrator tells the story of the struggles in Harlem but mainly the struggles of his brother with drugs, and his passion for jazz music. Through out the story the narrator avoids giving a sense of his own struggles with himself. However, in the end the reader

A Woman s Prison By Henrik Ibsen Essay - 1410 Words

A Woman’s Prison Ibsen’s pla y, A Doll’s House immediately encountered a spectrum of reactions--ranging from strong support to harsh criticism--following its premier in 1879. Controversy came about over Nora’s role as an independent woman who makes her own decisions. The public’s immediate response to Ibsen’s play reflects the shift occurring within society, centered on gender roles and women’s place in the mid to late 19th century. Ibsen’s portrayal of women through Nora’s role explores the ideas of equality within marriage as well as women’s individualism and their role within society. Nora’s character acts as a catalyst for Ibsen to portray women’s standing as compared to their male counterparts in different areas of society--the home, marriage, workplace and in public business. Through Ibsen’s characterization of Nora, he explores these major themes of controversy and pivotal change during the 1920’s. While Ibsen carefully refrains from interjecting his own opinion, he successfully provides an accurate depiction of the power divide in the household--during the mid to late 19th century--through his portrayal of Nora. Today’s marriages, known as a partnership between equals was once not regarded as equal at all. During the 1920’s women held a rank below their husbands. Essentially, women were a pawn, leaving the ownership of their father to be handed off to their husband. Nora explains the situation best stating: â€Å"I was simply transferred from Papa’s hands to yours. YouShow MoreRelatedThe Importance Of Being A Doll s House1627 Words   |  7 PagesThe Importance of being a Doll. â€Å"She s only a bird in a gilded cage. A beautiful sight to see. You may think she is happy and free from care she’s not, though she seems to be†. (Lamb) The Importance of Being Earnest and A Dolls House have been subjects of controversy since their creation. How the plays characterize the parodies of society as a gilded cage are directly related to the writers and how they were treated in their real lives. From the standpoint of the importance of being earnest theRead More A Dolls House by Henrik Ibsen Essay842 Words   |  4 PagesA Dolls House by Henrik Ibsen â€Å"A dolls house† was written by Henrik Ibsen and produced by famous actors during the time of the 1800’s; in fact it was the year of 1879 to be precise. It was around this time that many different Social, cultural and historical moments were changing through time, leaving the end result to change not only one country but had an effect on most of the world. For this section of the work I will be carefully discussing with you the issues of; * Social events Read More Ibsen, Strindberg and Feminism Essay examples2824 Words   |  12 Pageswestern world. Scandinavia, as well as experiencing The Modern Breakthrough, was also dealing with its own political struggles for national identity. For Henrik Ibsen and August Strindberg the early woman’s movement was to influence their writing greatly. Many associate both playwrights with playing key roles in the rise of feminism. However, were Ibsen and Strindberg attempting to write about the emancipation of women in the 19th century as a feminist issue? To explore this issue this essay will considerRead MoreNora – a Classical Hero in Henrik Ibsens a Doll`S House2683 Words   |  11 PagesNora – A Classical Hero in Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll`s House Nora Helmer makes the right decision to free herself from the social and traditional commitments and obligations and come and become an independent individual. Nora Helmer in Isbens A Dolls House lived in the world of predetermined social and societal constraints that made her deprived her of her freedom and happiness. The society in which she lived wanted people to live according to the rigidly set norms and standards of the societyRead More Comparing A Dolls House and Oedipus Rex Essay1672 Words   |  7 PagesComparing A Dolls House and Oedipus Rex Ibsens drama A Dolls House, serves as an example of the kind of issue-based drama that distinguishes Ibsen from many of his contemporaries. The plays dialogue is not poetic, but very naturalistic, and the characters are recognizable people. Given the sense of modernity which the play possesses it seems unusual to compare it to a Greek tragedy produced more than two-thousand years previously. On closer examination however, thereRead MoreA Doll House by Henrik Ibsen7379 Words   |  30 PagesMa. Jennifer S. Yap Dr. Sherwin Perlas World Literature January 14, 2012 A Doll House by Henrik Ibsen Translated by Rolf Fjelde I. Introduction During the late nineteenth century, women were enslaved in their gender roles and certain restrictions were enforced on them by a male dominant culture. Every woman was raised believing that they had neither self-control nor self-government but that they must yield to the control of a stronger gender. John Stuart Mill wrote in his essay, â€Å"The SubjectionRead MoreThe Protesters And The Streets Of Downtown Los Angeles Essay2423 Words   |  10 Pagesthose arrests led to me being exiled and fleeing to the US. While living in the US I encountered the same troubles with the American government. I was caught and sentenced to jail many times for my writings and campaigns. After spending two years in prison in Washington State, he was released I settled in with my brother Enrique in Edendale, just north of the Silver Lake Reservoir. I was again arrested in 1916, for being accused of sending indecent materials through the U.S. Mail. Describe the major

Sony Strength Free Essays

One of Sony’s greatest strengths is their ability to produce innovative, quality products.Sony’s web page states â€Å"Sony innovations have become part of mainstream culture, including: the first magnetic tape and tape recorder in 1950; the transistor radio in 1955; the world’s first all-transistor TV set in 1960; the world’s first color video cassette recorder in 1971; the Walkman personal stereo in 1979; the Compact Disc (CD) in 1982; the first 8mm camcorder in 1985; the Minidisk (MD) player in 1992; the PlayStation game system in 1995; Digital Mavica camera in 1997; Digital Versatile Disc (DVD) player in 1998; and the Network Walkman digital music player in 1999† (Sony. om/en/corporate). We will write a custom essay sample on Sony Strength or any similar topic only for you Order Now PC World published The 20 Most Innovative Products for the Year 2006. Sony’s Reader was listed as number six and Sony’s PlayStation was listed as number sixteen. Sony Corporation has managed to be competitive and stay a powerful organization by learning from past failures. Sony states the following: â€Å"Sony has learnt much from previous unsuccessful products. The Sony MSX home computer, for example, did not attain a satisfactory level of success.But it did teach Sony development engineers valuable know-how that would be applied in later years. In effect, these engineers became living resources, representing latent power within Sony that did not exist in other AV companies† (Sony. net). Another strength of Sony is their ability to be successful in several different markets. They have made an impact in the video game market, the PC market, and especially the television market and there are still numerous others. How to cite Sony Strength, Papers

Transformational Leadership free essay sample

Transformational leadership encourages staff empowerment (Roussel Swansburg, 2009). It is thought that if staff feels empowered then they will work harder by collaborating with each other instead of competing, which will produce efficiency in the organization and it will be contagious to others (Roussel Swansburg, 2009). Transformational leadership allows everyone to be involved in the decision making this helps everyone feel like they are part of the team (Roussel Swansburg, 2009). Transformational leaders are ready to adapt to any situation that is presented to them good or bad (Roussel Swansburg, 2009). Transformational leadership has four components. The four components are management of attention, management of meaning, management of trust and management of self (Roussel Swansburg, 2009). Management of attention relates to having goals. Management of meaning relates to being a role model to others by encouraging commitment. Management of trust relates to staff knowing that they can always trust that person to do what is right. The last component is management of self, which is when the leader knows their strengths and skills and uses them (Roussel Swansburg, 2009). Literature Review Literature Review #1 A comprehensive literature review was conducted on transformational leadership styles. According to Thyer (2003), transformational leadership may help reduce the nursing shortage (Thyer, 2003). Nurses who are being managed under a transactional style do not want to stay in the profession according to Thyer (2003). Nurses want to be involved with the decision aking on their units because this is what they are used to when providing patient care (Thyer, 2003). According to Thyer (2003), transformational leadership encourages communication and encourages an overall long term change because staff feels empowered by being part of the decision making process (Thyer, 2003). Transformational leadership allows the organization to become more flat allowing for shared governance amongst nurses (Thyer, 2003). Autonomy is expected. It improves accountability because nurses are not just being told what to do they are expected to be accountable and responsible (Thyer, 2003). According to Thyer (2003) if nurses are employed in a transformational leadership environment, it will increase their satisfaction and they will want to stay (Thyer, 2003). Literature Review #2 In Newton (2010), it discussed the importance of transformational leadership and its retention of nurses. Retention of nurses remains a huge problem to most nurse administrators globally (Newton, 2010). Increasing nurse satisfaction remains a priority according to Newton (2010). Rehiring of nurses who leave to dissatisfaction in the work place is costly. It can cost facilities almost two times the amount of one nurse’s salary (Newton, 2010). In addition when nurses are not satisfied it increases sick calls which are also costly that can lead to overtime expenses (Newton, 2010). Transformational leadership can provide an environment that nurses want to work in (Newton, 2010). This leadership encourages nurses to work to their highest potential, which then promotes the whole team to do the same (Newton, 2010). It has been shown according to Newton (2010) that nurse retention is directly correlated with a managers leadership style (Newton, 2010). Transformational leadership builds confidence amongst the team (Newton, 2010). Literature Review #3 According to Gardner (2010), transformational leadership consists of four styles, which can help improve nurse retention. The styles are individualized consideration, intellectual stimulation, inspirational motivation, and idealized influence (Gardner, 2010). Individualized consideration is when the leader considers each individual and gives them 100% of their attention. They listen to their ideas and validate their opinion. They recognize the individual’s strengths and weaknesses (Gardner, 2010). Intellectual stimulation is a leader who encourages their staff to identify conflicts and come up with solutions to solve the problem. These leaders push their staff to think outside of the box and bring their ideas to the table (Gardner, 2010). Inspirational motivation leaders give their staff inspiration to motivate them to work to their full potential. They encourage them to help the organization grow and advance into the future (Gardner, 2010). Idealized influence leaders are there to be the role model of the team. They have characteristics that are very distinct characteristics (Gardner, 2010). They are positive and confident (Gardner, 2010). In Gardner (2010), the study they conducted shows that nurses will stay if they feel they have a good manager. Their study showed that nurses who worked for transformational leaders have an increased level of job satisfaction (Gardner, 2010). Nursing Administration Issue A known issue that has been in nursing for a long time is nurse retention. Nurse retention is a problem across the United States (Roussel Swansburg, 2009). It is costly to recruit nurses and is far less expensive to keep them (Roussel Swansburg, 2009). Retaining nurses is not only less expensive but improves quality of patient care (Roussel Swansburg, 2009). According to Roussel Swansburg (2009), nurses leave because of organizational cultures not because of wages. Nurse retention is directly correlated with transformational leadership styles (Roussel Swansburg, 2009). Rational For Effective Leadership Style According to the literature, reviews that I have conducted and discussed transformational leadership styles can help retain nurses (Gardner, 2010). By using transformational leadership techniques, nurses will feel empowered and want to stay (Thyer, 2003). Nurses want to feel like they are valued. Transformational leadership styles accomplish this (Roussel Swansburg, 2009). Transformational leaders influence nurses to be part of the team within the organization, which in return promotes nurses to make positive changes for the future of the organization. It allows them to feel like they are making a difference. They will want to go to work every day because they will feel that their opinions are being validated (Thyer, 2003). Other styles of leadership have not been as successful as transformational leadership (Gardner, 2010). In conclusion, transformational leadership styles appear to be superior to various other leadership tactics. Transformational leadership will solve a multitude of issues in the workplace. It is the only type of leadership that really empowers the individual to work to its maximum potential. I would agree that this would be the answer to solving nurse retention. Hopefully as more information about this style comes out managers and administrators will encourage this style of leadership. In the end, it will save the facilities money, as it will promote nurse retention.

Marketing Report free essay sample

Executive summary This marketing report for Whitcoulls calculates the businesses present situation by examining the threats, weaknesses, strengths and the macro environment. The analysis of these factors displayed that the opportunities Whitcoulls has would change the image, quality, and market the business currently has. With over 50 stores nationwide and 130 years experience, Whitcoulls has a firm understanding of their market and their competitors. With this knowledge Whitcoulls are able to create a range of products that suit the needs of their diverse target market, which therefore increases their market share in the book industry. A large percentage of Whitcoulls cliental are made up from the low to middle population scale. This is largely due to Whitcoulls efforts to ensure their products of high quality are affordable through sales. The main recommendation for the future of this business is to create a more positive media image, rebuild in Christchurch, expand its partnerships, and stock more NZ made merchandise. We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing Report or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The main affects that have taken their toll on Whitcoulls is the Christchurch earthquake, the recession, the business nearly facing liquidation and the ever changing trends consumers go through. Whitcoulls is known to be New Zealand’s most popular book and stationary retailer and had been for many years head of the book industry. Being a multi-product organization Whitcoulls offer a variety of stationary for the office and personal needs, such as; puzzles, DVD’s, learning and entertainment devices games and books, Children’s toys, board games, Blu-Ray’s, newspapers, magazines and an extensive range of books fit to meet all ages (Facebook, 2012). With 60 or so stores nationwide, although facing some harsh times in business Whitcoulls is still one of the leading competitors in the book market. Whitcoulls are also now offering their customers an online shopping option, the company has adapted to modern times with the addition of ‘eBooks’ to their site. ‘eBooks’ is essentially a online book, readers are able to buy and view the product online (Scherer, 2011) Whitcoulls also have a website in which enables customers to view the ‘top 100 staff picks’ or ‘50 best kids books’ (Whitcoulls, 2012) making it easy for customers to check out the updated favorites and buy these books online. Whitcoulls mission, as quoted from their Facebook page, is to â€Å"be the number one destination for all New Zealanders’ entertainment, work amp; learning needs† (Facebook, 2012). 4 Situational Analysis PESTE Economical Many economical factors have impacted on the book market but some of the most substantial effects were that of the 2008 global recession, with the 2008 unemployment rate rising to 4. 6% (Statistics NZ, 2008) many business including Whitcoulls found 2007-2009 a tough period and with consumers adjusting their spending habits to the recession the book industry was at a downfall. Other economical factors that impacted Whitcoulls was the food prices rising 7. 6% between 2007-2008 (Statistics NZ, 2008) this impact further reduced the consumers expenditure rate meaning customers began searching for alternatives such as renting books from the library or from friends and even buying them second-hand. In response to these impacts Whitcoulls offered numerous sales, buy one get one free sales and other alternatives such as customers being able to win prizes by shopping or even winning book vouchers. Socio-cultural An important socio-cultural trend to remember when analyzing the market for book stores is the 18 to 50’s age group this is because books such as â€Å"50 Shades of Grey† with a target audience of adult women that enjoyed the â€Å"Twilight† series but are after a more ‘intimate’ storyline (Massey, 2012), and â€Å"The Hunger Games† with its target audience of 18-34 year olds (Hinckely, 2012) are selling high and new books of similar content are being published and selling at the same successful rate. As a result, there will be an increase in demand for products aimed at the 18+ target market. Whitcoulls is a community based business and with the recent selling to the Normans they intend to return to being a New Zealand owned and operated store, while also reigniting the tradition of keeping Whitcoulls ‘in the family’ (Scherer, 2011). Whitcoulls is known for its participation in sponsorship and fundraising. For the past 5 years Whitcoulls fundraised for Plunket every Christmas (Plunket, 2012) and (following the 2011 earthquake in Christchurch) Whitcoulls began fundraising with The Red and opened the â€Å"Red Cross 2011 Canterbury Earthquake Appeal† setting up donation boxes in all stores nationwide (Facebook, 2012). 5 Technological With Whitcoulls’ main competitor Paper Plus (Scherer, 2011) taking to the web in order to entice customers Whitcoulls has also taken to the ‘World Wide Web’ in order to increase customer interest and profit. Having this online  option enables customers to search for books, view up and coming items, see the most popular books and even purchase items from their own home. Whitcoulls have also taken to Facebook with a current 4,705 ‘likes’ (Facebook, 2012) the aim of this page is to further advertise things such as current sales, up and coming books, hold discussions about books, allow customers to ask questions or lay c omplaints/compliments and also to inform customers of the latest Whitcoulls news. This social media allows Whitcoulls to communicate with their customers. In order to persuade customers to buy online Whitcoulls have begun to offer more online sales and competitions solely for their online customers. Environmental The largest environmental impact that has taken its toll on Whitcoulls is its consumers demanding Whitcoulls remains a New Zealand business and not once again sold to Australia. Consumers are showing an increasing interest in Whitcoulls being ‘revived’ by the Normans and are looking forward to Whitcoulls being restored to its original place and hoping to see it grow as a New Zealand business. The Normans being the new owners of the business are promising to keep it New Zealand based but with the growing number of consumers wanting New Zealand merchandise the Normans have also promised to continue dealerships with New Zealand businesses in order to keep consumers happy and to uphold the reputation of the business. Andrew Baker, who’s Palmerston North Company IQ Ideas, supplies puzzles for Whitcoulls believes that from his experience with the new owners that the decisions they’ve made are good and that in terms of what the new ownership means for New Zealand businesses ‘it’s all good news’ (Scherer, 2011) 6 Market Analysis Whitcoulls have a remarkably diverse market. Although certain items at Whitcoulls are aimed at a particular age group, they also have many items that can cater for the needs of many New Zealanders. It is for this reason that Whitcoulls is able to have a successful market. Whitcoulls recognize that there are certain ‘buying trends’ within the market like the current ’50 Shades of Grey’ and it is for this reason they stock these item in bulk, put them on displays and on their website make sure they are at the top of the page and in the ‘recommended’ section. Although books only count for 30% of Whitcoulls’ market revenue (Scherer, 2011) due to the demand for books such as this and their history as originally being a book and printing shop before merging with a top competitor stationary brand that they continue to focus largely on the book industry. In terms of buying patterns Whitcoulls have had some very inconsistent years, due to voluntary administration the consumer base fell dramatically leading Whitcoulls to near liquidation, but with the new owners it is beginning to be turned around and restored to its original state. Whitcoulls has a Psychographic segmentation strategy; it builds its business around the needs, interests, attitudes and lifestyles of individuals in order to help class them into small groups. Through this strategy Whitcoulls is able to meet the standards and needs of a remarkably diverse group and in doing so they are able to target a vast revenue of consumers. * 7 Competitor analysis Within Whitcoulls there are two significant competitors, Paper Plus and Take Note. The reason for this is because they are both successful New Zealand owned business and are able to take the financial risks needed to become the leader in the book market. With ‘Take Note’ having over 80 stores nationwide that are all locally owned and operated they have long been recognized as a trusted store by many New Zealanders and make up for a large part of the market (Take Note, 2012). While they are in fact owned by the ‘Paper Plus Group’ they are still a huge competition for Whitcoulls (Paper Plus Group, 2012). Take Note also have a partnership with AA meaning customers can collect ‘Smartfuel’ points from shopping with them (Take Note, 2012). This partnership is a huge advantage to the store due to the attraction of having a ‘2 in 1’ for consumers, meaning not only can they get their stationary and books from a leading New Zealand store but they can also collect Smartfuel points at the same time. Many Take Note stores also have a full NZ Post agency and some incorporate Lotto and Kiwi Bank services (Paper Plus Group, 2012). Paper Plus is the leading competitor for Whitcoulls, this is due to their partnerships, franchises and also because they also own Take Note. With Paper Plus turning over a remarkable $100 million a year it is clear this industry is overwhelmingly competitive (Paper Plus Group, 2012). With over 100 stores between Kaitaia and Invercargill Paper Plus has gained a strong presence in cities and local areas (Paper Plus Group, 2012). With Paper Plus also having a partnership with ‘Fly Buys’ customers can not only earn ‘Fly Buys’ points when they shop but they can also earn ‘Fly Buys airpoints’ this partnership has existed for over 10 years and has resulted in over 26 points being issued from Paper Plus stores (Paper Plus, 2012) not only do they have this partnership but in many Paper plus stores private mailbox’s are available and post shops and services are offered. While these stores have a huge chunk of the profit within the market Whitcoulls still holds a large place within this market and with its new owners is going to continue to grow in profit and recognition. 8 Competitors Strengths/weaknesses grid Paper plus Strengths| Paper plus Weaknesses| Take Note strengths| Take Note Weaknesses| Partnership with Fly Buys| Lacks in the ‘eBooks’ department| Partnership with AA| Not recognized a ‘book shop’| Built in postal shops| Not recognized for the sale of books| Owned by Paper Plus| Poor advertisement| Offer private mail box’s| Poor advertisement| Incorporated Kiwi Bank | No sale of eBooks available| Locally known| Reasonably expensive| Incorporated Postal Shops| Lack of stores in bigger cities like Wellington| Stores in both provincial and city areas| Not as much range in stock as Whitcoulls| Very cheap stock of great value| Still reasonably new to the market| 9 Macro Environmental Analysis The Macro Environment has had its toll on Whitcoulls with the effects of the Christchurch Earthquakes three Whitcoulls stores were extremely damaged and therefore not included in the sale to the Normans (Scott, 2011). Due to this these three stores are not set to cl ose (Scott, 2011). This uncontrollable natural factor has had its impact on Whitcoulls big time, with the departure of these Christchurch stores many consumers within Christchurch are upset due to the long relationship and history Whitcoulls has had with Christchurch since it first opened there on Cashel Street as Whitcomb and Tombs (Whitcoulls, 2012). Technological changes have also had an uncontrollable impact on Whitcoulls with the Normans pointing out Whitcoulls lack in technology, and the computer system was installed in 1999 (Scherer, 2011) due to this the technological processes have been diminished and not up to standard. With competitors taking to partnerships and higher technology and high standard websites Whitcoulls has had an uncontrollable loss in the market. With the economy facing numerous recessions Whitcoulls has been effected by consumers becoming ‘penny savvy’ and not being as likely to ‘splash out’ on new books or stationary and are instead choosing cheaper options such as renting books from libraries or turning to the ‘Warehouse Stationary’ for cheaper stationary and office needs. The media environment for the business plan has been remarkably positive since the turn over of the company to the Normans and many articles are positive about the change in ownership and the Normans’ future business plans. 10 TOWS Analysis Threats Whitcoulls have a huge range of potential threats, which have the possibility to cause extensive harm to the success of the business. One of Whitcoulls’ more obvious threats is the strengths of the current competitors present in the book market. Because of this Whitcoulls must continue to find new ways to compete with these firms in order to maintain their competitive advantage, for example Whitcoulls taking up the eBooks partnership has increased the amount of online shopping and internet purchases for the company. Further threats include the current economic situation and the financial problems Whitcoulls currently have. The global economic crisis of 2008 caused incomes to drop considerably, which caused a plunge in consumers’ disposable income. This resulted in consumers being less likely to purchase expensive new stationary or a brand new book collection. Consumers are instead choosing to save their money by changing to more affordable options like; Trade Me, The Warehouse and The Warehouse Stationary and more consumers are turning to second hand stores and markets for new books. To cancel out these threats, Whitcoulls has begun to introduce more ‘relevant’ stock and less ‘nic naks’ in an attempt to clear clutter and provide customers with a wider range of books and stationary rather than useless items (Scherer, 2011). Opportunities Because Whitcoulls is now in the hands of the Normans, the opportunities for the growth of the business are endless. With more and more consumers supporting the new owners the Normans are already building an even steadier clientele.

A Quick Tour of Art Through the Ages

A Quick Tour of Art Through the Ages Put on your sensible shoes as we embark on an extremely abbreviated tour of art through the ages. The purpose of this piece is to hit the highlights and provide you with the barest of basics on the different eras in Art History. Prehistoric Eras 30,000-10,000 BC - Paleolithic peoples were strictly hunter-gatherers, and life was tough. Humans made a gigantic leap in abstract thinking and began creating art. Subject matter concentrated on two things: food, as seen in Cave Art, and the necessity to create more humans. 10,000-8000 BC - The ice began retreating and life got a little easier. The Mesolithic period (which lasted longer in northern Europe than it did in the Middle East) saw painting move out of the caves and onto the rocks. Painting also became more symbolic and abstract. 8000-3000 BC - Fast forward to the Neolithic age, complete with agriculture and domesticated animals. Now that food was more plentiful, people had time to invent useful tools like writing and measuring. The measuring part must have come in handy for the megalith builders. Ethnographic Art - It should be noted that stone age art continued to flourish around the world for a number of cultures, right up to the present. Ethnographic is a handy term that here means: Not going the way of Western art. Ancient Civilizations 3500-331 BC - Mesopotamia - The land between the rivers saw an amazing number of cultures rise to - and fall from - power. The Sumerians gave us ziggurats, temples, and lots of sculptures of gods. More importantly, they unified natural and formal elements in art. The Akkadians introduced the victory stele, whose carvings forever remind us of their prowess in battle. The Babylonians improved upon the stele, using it to record the first uniform code of law. The Assyrians ran wild with architecture and sculpture, both in relief and in-the-round. Eventually, it was the Persians who put the whole area - and its art - on the map, as they conquered adjacent lands. 3200-1340 BC - Egypt - Art in ancient Egypt was art for the dead. The Egyptians built tombs, pyramids (elaborate tombs), the Sphinx (a tomb) and decorated tombs with colorful pictures of the gods they believed ruled in the afterlife. 3000-1100 BC - The Aegean - The Minoan culture, on Crete, and the Mycenaeans in Greece brought us frescos, open and airy architecture, and marble idols. Classical Civilizations 800-323 BC - Greece - The Greeks introduced humanistic education, which is reflected in their art. Ceramics, painting, architecture, and sculpture evolved into elaborate, highly crafted and decorated objects which glorified the greatest creation of all: humans. 6th-5th centuries BC - The Etruscans - On the Italian peninsula, the Etruscans embraced the Bronze Age in a big way, producing sculptures notable for being stylized, ornamental and full of implied motion. They were also enthusiastic producers of tombs and sarcophagi, not unlike the Egyptians. 509 BC-337 AD - The Romans - As they rose to prominence, the Romans first attempted to wipe out Etruscan art, followed by numerous attacks on Greek art. Borrowing freely from these two conquered cultures, the Romans created their own style, one which increasingly stood for power. Architecture became monumental, sculptures depicted re-named gods, goddesses, and prominent Citizens and, in painting, the landscape was introduced and frescos became enormous. 1st Century-c. 526 - Early Christian Art Early Christian art falls into two categories: that of the Period of Persecution (up to the year 323) and that which came after Constantine the Great recognized Christianity: the Period of Recognition. The first is known primarily for construction of catacombs, and portable art which could be hidden. The second period is marked by the active construction of churches, mosaics, and the rise of book-making. Sculpture was demoted to works in relief only (anything else would have been deemed graven images). c. 526-1390 - Byzantine Art Not an abrupt transition, as the dates imply, the Byzantine style gradually diverged from Early Christian art, just as the Eastern Church grew farther apart from the Western. Byzantine art is characterized by being more abstract and symbolic, and less concerned with any pretense of depth - or the force of gravity - being apparent in paintings or mosaics. Architecture became quite complicated and domes predominated. 622-1492 - Islamic Art To this day, Islamic art is known for being highly decorative. Its motifs translate beautifully from a chalice to a rug, to the Alhambra. Islam has prohibitions against idolatry, and weve little pictorial history as a result. 375-750 - Migration Art These years were quite chaotic in Europe, as barbarian tribes sought (and sought, and sought) places in which to settle. Frequent wars erupted and constant ethnic relocation was the norm. Art during this period was necessarily small and portable, usually in the form of decorative pins or bracelets. The shining exception to this dark age in art occurred in Ireland, which had the great fortune of escaping invasion. For a time. 750-900 - The Carolingian Period Charlemagne built an empire that didnt outlast his bickering and inept grandsons, but the cultural revival the empire spawned proved more durable. Monasteries became as small cities where manuscripts were mass-produced. Goldsmithing and the use of precious and semi-precious stones were in vogue. 900-1002 - The Ottonian Period The Saxon king, Otto I, decided he could succeed where Charlemagne failed. This didnt work out either, but Ottonian art, with its heavy Byzantine influences, breathed new life into sculpture, architecture, and metalwork. 1000-1150 - Romanesque Art For the first time in history, art is described by a term other than the name of a culture or civilization. Europe was becoming more of a cohesive entity, being held together by Christianity and feudalism. The invention of the barrel vault allowed churches to become cathedrals, sculpture became an integral part of the architecture, and painting continued mainly in illuminated manuscripts. 1140-1600 - Gothic Art Gothic was first coined to (derogatorily) describe this eras style of architecture, which chugged on long after sculpture and painting had left its company. The gothic arch allowed great, soaring cathedrals to be built, which were then decorated with the new technology of stained glass. During this period, too, we begin to learn more individual names of painters and sculptors - most of whom seem anxious to put all things Gothic behind them. In fact, beginning around 1200, all sorts of wild artistic innovations started taking place in Italy. 1400-1500 - Fifteenth-Century Italian Art This was the Golden Age of Florence. Its most powerful family, the Medici (bankers and benevolent dictators), lavishly spent endless funds for the glory and beautification of their Republic. Artists flocked in for a share of the largess, built, sculpted, painted and began actively questioning rules of art. Art, in turn, became noticeably more individualized. 1495-1527 - The High Renaissance All of the recognized masterpieces from the lump term Renaissance were created during these years. Leonardo, Michelangelo, Raphael, and company made such surpassing masterpieces, in fact, that nearly every artist, forever after, didnt even try to paint in this style. The good news was that, because of these Renaissance Greats, being an artist was now considered acceptable. 1520-1600 - Mannerism Here we have another first: an abstract term for an artistic era. Renaissance artists, after the death of Raphael, continued to refine painting and sculpture but they did not seek a new style of their own. Instead, they created in the technical manner of their predecessors. 1325-1600 - The Renaissance in Northern Europe It did occur, but not in clearly defined steps as was the case in Italy. Countries and kingdoms were busy jockeying for prominence (fighting), and there was that notable break with the Catholic Church. Art took a back seat to these other happenings, and styles moved from Gothic to Renaissance to Baroque in sort of a non-cohesive, artist-by-artist basis. 1600-1750 - Baroque Art Humanism, the Renaissance and the Reformation (among other factors) worked together to leave the Middle Ages forever behind, and art became accepted by the masses. Artists of the Baroque period introduced human emotions, passion, and new scientific understanding to their works - many of which retained religious themes, regardless of which Church the artists held dear. 1700-1750 - The Rococo In what some would deem an ill-advised move, Rococo took Baroque art from feast for the eyes to outright visual gluttony. If art or architecture could be gilded, embellished or otherwise taken over the top, Rococo ferociously added these elements. As a period, it was (mercifully) brief. 1750-1880 - Neo-Classicism vs. Romanticism Things had loosened up enough, by this era, that two different styles could compete for the same market. Neo-classicism was characterized by faithful study (and copy) of the classics, combined with the use of elements brought to light by the new science of archaeology. Romanticism, on the other hand, defied easy characterization. It was more of an attitude, one made acceptable by the Enlightenment and dawning of social consciousness. Of the two, Romanticism had far more impact on the course of art from this time forward. 1830s-1870 - Realism Oblivious to the above two movements, the Realists emerged (first quietly, then quite loudly) with the conviction that history had no meaning and artists shouldnt render anything that they hadnt, personally, experienced. In an effort to experience things they became involved in social causes and, not surprisingly, often found themselves on the wrong side of Authority. Realistic art increasingly detached itself from form and embraced light and color. 1860s-1880 - Impressionism Where Realism moved away from form, Impressionism threw form out the window. The Impressionists lived up to their name (which they themselves certainly hadnt coined): Art was an impression, and as such could be rendered wholly through light and color. The world was first outraged by their effrontery, then accepting. With acceptance came the end of Impressionism as a movement. Mission accomplished, art was free to spread out now in any way it chose. The Impressionists changed everything when their art was accepted. From this point on, artists had free rein to experiment. Even if the public loathed the results, it was still Art, and thus accorded a certain respect. Movements, schools, and styles - in dizzying number - came, went, diverged from one another and sometimes melded. Theres no way, really, to accord all of these entities even a brief mention here, so we will now cover only a few of the better-known names. 1885-1920 - Post-Impressionism This is a handy title for what wasnt a movement, but a group of artists (CÃ ©zanne, Van Gogh, Seurat, and Gauguin, primarily) who moved past Impressionism and on to other, separate endeavors. They kept the light and color Impressionism bought but tried to put some of the other elements of art - form, and line, for example - back in art. 1890-1939 - The Fauves and Expressionism The Fauves (wild beasts) were French painters led by Matisse and Rouault. The movement they created, with its wild colors and depictions of primitive objects and people, became known as Expressionism and spread, notably, to Germany. 1905-1939 - Cubism and Futurism Picasso and Braque, in France, invented Cubism, where organic forms were broken down into a series of geometric shapes. Their invention would prove elemental to the Bauhaus in coming years, as well as inspiring the first modern abstract sculpture. Meanwhile, in Italy, Futurism was formed. What began as a literary movement moved into a style of art that embraced machines and the industrial age. 1922-1939 - Surrealism Surrealism was all about uncovering the hidden meaning of dreams and expressing the subconscious. It was no coincidence that Freud had already published his ground-breaking psychoanalytical studies prior to this movements emergence. 1945-Present - Abstract Expressionism World War II (1939-1945) interrupted any new movements in art, but art came back with a vengeance in 1945. Emerging from a world torn apart, Abstract Expressionism discarded everything - including recognizable forms - except self-expression and raw emotion. Late 1950s-Present - Pop and Op Art In a reaction against Abstract Expressionism, Pop Art glorified the most mundane aspects of American culture and called them art. It was fun art, though. And in the happening mid-60s, Op (an abbreviated term for optical illusion) Art came on the scene, just in time to mesh nicely with the psychedelic music. 1970s-Present In the last thirty-odd years, art has changed at lightning speed. Weve seen the advent of performance art, conceptual art, digital art, and shock art, to name but a few new offerings. As we move toward a more global culture, our art reminds us of our collective and respective pasts. The technology with which youre reading this article will surely be improved upon and, as it is, we can all keep (nearly instantly) abreast of whatever comes next in arts history.

Why countries find it so difficult to agree climate change targets Coursework

Why countries find it so difficult to agree climate change targets. You should also offer potential solutions to the barriers that you identify - Coursework Example tes) while in the quest of strengthening their respective economic muscles, this has ensued to the present day’s adverse environmental effects (Berger, 2010). For instance, in Ukraine where climate change has adversely affected agriculture through persistent droughts (Lagutov, 2012, p. 78). Consequently, these droughts have yielded to crops’ failure, which in turn prompts the entire region’s populations experience food insecurity. This is a grievous predicament as the state’s economy somehow wholly relies on agriculture. Conversely, some scholars have contended climate alterations experienced in the region are favorable but not all parts of the entire state (Lagutov, 2012). Similarly, alteration in climate has led to heightened temperature levels in Japan leading to augmenting of Japan’s unnecessary morbidity and mortality (Ford & Berrang-Ford, 2011, p. 190). This is due to heat waves mainly associated with varied illnesses, which could have not bee n in existence if there were effective measures to shun climate degradation. Some of the illnesses associated with this climate mishap commonly experienced include cramps and heat exhaustion whereby the latter with delayed attention graduates to heatstroke, which augments the state’s mortality (Ford & Berrang-Ford, 2011). These alterations are adverse to numerous people especially those may be experiencing other chronic maladies. This is because extent of worsening of a given malady normally depends on one’s physical strength (Ford & Berrang-Ford, 2011). This is quite evident based on incidents that to date have remained in the annals of history as most grievous occurrences ever occurred and whose effects are still felt presently by varied life forms. These mishaps embrace Deepwater Horizon oil spill (Mexico), Chernobyl (Ukraine), Fukushima and Sayano-Shushenskaya power station (Russia) though some of the respective states contend their occurrence was due to inescapabl e structural failures. In the case of

Choosing a Health Care Provider Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Choosing a Health Care Provider - Essay Example He needs a flexible insurance medical cover to allow him contribute premiums according to his financial capabilities. The cover should allow his dependents to access medical care from different hospitals and subsequently cover a range of diseases. Further, it should cover both inpatient and outpatient services in addition to covering minor surgeries and accidents at an affordable cost (Bowers, Swan, & Koehler, 2011). A good provider has certified qualifications in his area of specialization. He has the necessary academic qualifications and experience in health care services. An experienced provider can handle most illnesses without referrals that add cost to the subscriber. The subscriber’s care philosophy should match that of the provider. The philosophy of care relates to how serious the provider takes his role especially in making decisions on treatment. The subscriber should ask about availability of hospital privileges such as personal doctors and 24 hour services. A bad medical provider doesn’t have a sustainable financial record and may stop the medical coverage anytime (Bowers, Swan, & Koehler, 2011). A provider who limits a subscriber’s choice of doctors and hospitals is a bad provider. A provider is also bad if he doesn’t offer a comprehensive cover with numerous benefits. The cover should be affordable over the years regardless of external economic factors and

Saudization of Iraqi Families Living in Saudi Arabia Essay

Saudization of Iraqi Families Living in Saudi Arabia - Essay Example What they faced while they were settling and how they managed to make their place in the society is what the research will be focusing on. The research will mainly focus on a group of conservative families. The main area of concentration as said earlier will be on the social changes experienced as a result of moving into a more conservative Islamic state and highlighting the ability of these families to cope with the differing cultures whilst still trying to keep their identity. These families were considered to be a minority amongst the other foreigners living in Saudi Arabia. The immigrating purposes also vary from one family to another significantly and they all have their own stories to tell. Underneath the coherent appearance of these small community members there is a visible disruptive effect of the migration process seen on the surface. However this can be identified by only someone who has a close connection or understanding with the emotional side that these people face and they can reach their innermost thoughts and experiences and break the barriers of pride. I hope to be able to provide this missing connection and the feelings that have not been yet understood. Firstly I’ll analyze whether the Iraqi families adopted the Saudi way of living as part of adjustment in the society or have they been able to maintain their own distinctiveness? Secondly, what kind of problems of continuity of the two generations have they faced? Have the first generation been able to transfer their beliefs and thoughts to the second generation or has the influence of the Saudi society been more forceful and powerful than they realized. While I conducted a survey of the available information and data with regards to the migration of the Iraqi’s to Saudi Arabia, I was unable to find any detailed study using the ethnographic details available for research.

Temperature change for CaCO3 and HCI

Temperature change for CaCO3 and HCI Research questions: When the temperature is digressed, or increased will the CaCO3 and HCI have a faster reaction? What happens when the reaction is happening? What happens when Caco3 and HCI meet each other? Answers: When calcium carbonate is heated it first reacts to the acid then after a while it turns CaCO3 into calcium Hydroxide. Its formed when ions bonds react to the acid which makes electric charge so it heats up. When CaCO3 and HCI reacts, it forms calcium chloride, water and carbon dioxide. The reaction between both compounds requires two parts HCI and CaCO3. The reaction is rapid and energetic at high concentrations. Large part due high affinity of calcium ions for chloride ions Depending on the temperature when Calcium chloride and Hydrochloric acid meet. Its charges start moving rapidly and a reaction will start to begin much faster. Both charges combine for a reaction to occur. Background info: The topic we have chosen is how temperature can change   calcium carbonate and hydrochloric acid In different temperature like the normal temperature cold and hot. (dont know the science behind it yet) A reaction rate is the speed on how fast or slow the chemical reaction proceeds It is often said in terms of either concentration the amount of unit volume of a product that is formed in a unit of time.   When you increase the temperature, the particles speed up a lot but when you cool them down they get slower.   when its heated there is a faster reaction rate but when temperature is lowered, the reactions takes a lot longer cause the particles dont have a lot of energy has they would when heated. The collision theory is for ta chemical reaction to occur the reactant particles must collide together. Collisons with too little energy do not produce a reaction. It must have enough collisions to the energy can make the particles react. (still got to add research) The experiment the team is doing is testing what temperature change does to calcium carbonate and hydrochloric acid. The way my research questions are going to help with the experiment is the ones I have are what we are manly looking for like. How long it takes for a reaction to occur, will the temperature change the original element. (forgot what my third was) they are what we manly are curious of and trying to find. (using photos as diagrams if I can) The chemical equation for calcium carbonate and hydrochloric acid is CaCO3+HCI-CaCI2+CO2+H20 Aim: The aim of the experiment is to exam if temperature changes the rate of reaction for CaCO3 and HCI for cold, hot and medium temperature. Hypothesis: It is hypothesised that when CaCO3 meets HCI it will react faster depending of the temperature. If the temperature is hotter it will have more energy cause its warm but if its colder they will react much slower cause they have a cold and have less energy. Its like real life people when cold we dont want to do anything but hot we want to do lots. When its medium temperature it will have a medium reaction rate. Equipment list: Beakers (x3) Thermometer Hot plate Ice cream bucket with ice Measuring tube Stop watches (x3) Calcium carbonate (3 grams) Scales Hydrochloric acid (144m total) Safety glasses Apron Gloves Method: Throughout the experiment everyone was required to wear the following safety gear glasses, apron and gloves. For the experiment after the group put all the Safety gear on the bench and on them. they moved on to grabbing the equipment then moving it slowly and carefully to the work bench. Once everything was out on the bench ready then the group grabbed the Calcium carbonate(CaCO3) and hydrochloric acid (HCI) then measured out the right amount for both scales were used for the CaCO3 and measuring tube for the HCI. After the HCI was poured into the beaker it was put in bucket full of ice or on a hotplate then the calcium went in. After five minutes of the hot plate or ice been in the bucket check the temp also make sure you remember the reaction rate time. After the experiment is complete pack up and clean the equipment then return all of it. Make sure you let the hotplates cool down before touching them. Experiment diagram: Risk table: Possible risks Solutions Glass break Get a dust pan and brush then put the glass in the hazard box also warn others about the glass Chemical spill on you If in eyes wash for a couple of mins at the eye wash but if on skin wash it off straight away at the sink or the shower Tripping Make sure all chairs and charger cords are not on the ground also make sure shoe lace is done up Hot plate Dont touch if hot wait for it to cool down Ingestion Dont swallow the chemicals Breathing in the chemical Dont sniff or purposely breath in the chemical Temperature results for CaCO3 and HCI: Calcium carbonate and hydrochloric acid temp change Temp before combining the two elements Temp after (checked (degrees) Time for the reaction to occur and finish (start of reaction -finish of reaction) 1 cold 5 5 30 seconds 1 Medium 24 25 14 seconds 1 hot 45 47 7 seconds 2 cold 5 5 32seconds 2 medium 24 25 14 seconds 2 hot 45 46 8 Seconds Observations: When the calcium carbonate and hydrochloric acid was put together for the cold test it triggered a reaction straight away a lot of bumbles built up and punched to the top almost going over the top of the beaker. All the calcium was all gone except some tiny parts for the normal temperature test it did the same put after the calcium started to dissolve. Discussion: In the test, there was some patterns that we saw for the results such as cold temp had a slow reaction at the end but it was a bit fast at start cause the water around the beaker was still getting colder the temperature stayed the same. A reaction for cold lasted for around 20-25 seconds. For the medium test, it started at a temp of 24 for both and only increased by one, a reaction started and ended in about 10-15 seconds. Hot was a lot different with a starting temperature of 45 and increased to 47 the reaction happened rapidly in about 5 seconds for it to start and end. The information I collected was accurate about what would happen and thats what happened in the test. It said hot temperature reaction is faster because it has a lot more energy in it but when cold and medium the temperature is much slower especially for the cold. Some parts of the research werent fully accurate but some of it was. My hypothesis was supported for this experiment I did predict that the hotter the faster reaction but cold has a much more slower reaction. Hot warms up everything giving it a lot more energy to do stuff so when it reaches a curtain heat a reaction will start. Cold has a slower reaction because it has a cold just like humans when we get a cold we have no energy at all and just cant do anything. The this could be used is finding out the right temperature to use to craft medals or just products in general or to test for whats the right temperature for plants and stuff to grow. Evaluation: The experiment went well at the start and all through except for a couple of miss calculation with our choice of measuring. There was a bit to much HCI added to test when we should have had less of it, when they elements combined it almost overflowed out of the beaker. But in the last test everything still ended up as the same results and finished with no drama. The team did well but sometimes one member kept touching and ruining what we just fixed up. A couple of things that could be improved is the team work and making sure we do our calculations right so the beaker doesnt almost overflow. Conclusion: The full experiment went mostly perfect but it was solved in the end. Evan that we have some bad teamwork and miss calculations we got it done. Our results were normal and weird the reaction went fantastic as well did the time. Our calculations were a bit off with a bit too much but all solved in the end. Things that could be improved next time is the team work. Its the key part for a perfect experiment. Some things that went fantastic would have to of been the time we go each one down and the perfect times and temperatures. If all the bad part were gone it would have been the perfect test. Reference list: Pearson science text book https://www.reference.com/science/calcium-carbonate-s-reaction-hydrochloric-acid-332b0b7065612e18 http://www.answers.com/Q/What_happens_if_Calcium_Carbonate_is_added_to_hydrochloric_acid?#slide=6 YouTube Class notes Had other websites but forgot what they were

Tiger for Sony :: essays research papers

If Sony is hinting at OS X and Linux, there's also a good chance they could be developing a proprietary OS. The PS3 will have to support HDMI-HDCP output since the old DVI standard can no longer be implemented. HDMI has definitely been in Sony's interests as it is a huge media vendor with SCEA and Sony Pictures. Yet giving out a game system with HDCP-HDMI output for HDTV gaming while putting an open source operating system like Linux on a single machine is kind of insane. You can't put the 'hacker's OS' on a relatively cheap Blu-Ray/computer/gaming machine and not expect piracy. You can put it on the PS2 with an HDD which would be a relatively cheap DVD/psuedo-computer/gaming machine- but due to the nature of the compatibility of the PS3 spec- it will be much more tempting to commit piracy on a PS3 than a PS2, and a PS3 with Linux than an Xbox360. This implementation of Linux would be asking for easier copyright-protection-overrides than the Xbox currently suffers (a soft-mod here, a network cable there- Linux and Evox in of their illegal game copying glory.) The PS2 made consumers realize the PS wasn't as rare a thing as they'd thought. The PS3 will make consumers realize the PS2 was an introduction into an industry larger than film, and that film-quality games have their very beautiful appeal. Yet Linux would definitely drive sales- a large portion of Windows users hear about Linux' supposed superiority and don't care, but sure wouldn't mind it if a Linux machine fell into their lap with a GUI comprabale to Windows. The PS3 part won't be too shabby either. I'd say they'll have a Linux-like full-fledged proprietary OS with a bunch of root restrictions to make it harder to override it with another OS, learning from MS' mistake on the Xbox. I can possibly see Sony eventually giving consumers ability to put Longhorn on PS3. It would have the competivite/ironic edge consumers would adore. "The MS OS can't run on Xbox360, but it sure can run on PS3." Longhorn will be super-feature-rich in terms of copyright control technologies, avail in Sony's interests. In that scenario, MS could even be forced to follow Sony in putting Longhorn on its Xbox360, but I doubt consumers would forget Sony did it first. Its pretty doubtul, but if Sony elaborated on such an idea with action I think we could expect great things in terms of revenue and support. Tiger for Sony :: essays research papers If Sony is hinting at OS X and Linux, there's also a good chance they could be developing a proprietary OS. The PS3 will have to support HDMI-HDCP output since the old DVI standard can no longer be implemented. HDMI has definitely been in Sony's interests as it is a huge media vendor with SCEA and Sony Pictures. Yet giving out a game system with HDCP-HDMI output for HDTV gaming while putting an open source operating system like Linux on a single machine is kind of insane. You can't put the 'hacker's OS' on a relatively cheap Blu-Ray/computer/gaming machine and not expect piracy. You can put it on the PS2 with an HDD which would be a relatively cheap DVD/psuedo-computer/gaming machine- but due to the nature of the compatibility of the PS3 spec- it will be much more tempting to commit piracy on a PS3 than a PS2, and a PS3 with Linux than an Xbox360. This implementation of Linux would be asking for easier copyright-protection-overrides than the Xbox currently suffers (a soft-mod here, a network cable there- Linux and Evox in of their illegal game copying glory.) The PS2 made consumers realize the PS wasn't as rare a thing as they'd thought. The PS3 will make consumers realize the PS2 was an introduction into an industry larger than film, and that film-quality games have their very beautiful appeal. Yet Linux would definitely drive sales- a large portion of Windows users hear about Linux' supposed superiority and don't care, but sure wouldn't mind it if a Linux machine fell into their lap with a GUI comprabale to Windows. The PS3 part won't be too shabby either. I'd say they'll have a Linux-like full-fledged proprietary OS with a bunch of root restrictions to make it harder to override it with another OS, learning from MS' mistake on the Xbox. I can possibly see Sony eventually giving consumers ability to put Longhorn on PS3. It would have the competivite/ironic edge consumers would adore. "The MS OS can't run on Xbox360, but it sure can run on PS3." Longhorn will be super-feature-rich in terms of copyright control technologies, avail in Sony's interests. In that scenario, MS could even be forced to follow Sony in putting Longhorn on its Xbox360, but I doubt consumers would forget Sony did it first. Its pretty doubtul, but if Sony elaborated on such an idea with action I think we could expect great things in terms of revenue and support.

Reaction Paper to Jose Rizal film

The movie told us about the life story of Jose Rizal, the Philippine national hero. The three-hour epic of the life and struggles of Rizal covered his life from childhood to death at the hands of the Spaniards. The film showed flashbacks showing â€Å"Pepe† as his nickname, is a genius, a writer, a doctor, an artist, a lover, a friend, a brother and a son. The movie introduced us to the life of the Filipino people under the rule of the Spanish friars.The life of the people in that time was not easy. They were bound to obey every law, every rule and every word of the Spanish friars and government even if the leaders were already oppressing their rights. The colonizers abused them in different ways. Even the Catholic Church used their powers to get what they want. Spain thought that they can fool everyone.It was shown in the movie how Rizal inspired the Filipinos to fight for their right. By writing his novels, Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo, many Filipinos opened their e yes to what is really happening in their country. It led to the founding of Katipunan that aimed to revolt against Spaniards.The freedom we experience today, we owe it all to our heroes who fought for our motherland, either by weapons or by pen. Because of this movie, I did recognize the bravery of the people who gave their last breath with PHILIPPINE INDEPENDENCE in their mind. I learned so much about the past and its importance to our situation today. We may not be under any colonization now, but most of us are forgetting who we really are and what are we capable of. We are forgetting that WE ARE FILIPINOS.I hope that it is not only me whose patriotism and nationalism was revived by watching the movie. I hope that Rizal can still continue to inspire us to strive hard and finish our studies and to be educated by any means, either rich or poor. Because the more you know, the more you are equipped with knowledge which can defend you and even your country someday.

Essay on Ecosystems Water and Illinois River

Essay on Ecosystems Water and Illinois River Essay on Ecosystems: Water and Illinois River A favorite natural ecosystem of mine in my local area is the Illinois River. The Illinois River is used for a lot of different things in the community. The Illinois River is a huge tourist attraction for river rafting, canoeing, and camping. I know this first hand because I drowned while river rafting this summer. The river also provides local farmers with rich moist soil. That is why the Tahlequah farmers market is thriving each season. Another very common use for the river is for septic systems. The main function of a river is to transport water from head waters to the ocean. The natural process is never ending the hydrologic cycle returns river run off to the sea. For surface water the cycle lasts 11 days (all surface water is replaced every 11 days). Rivers provide a source of fresh water that is replenish able within a short time frame. Rivers carry a different source of water though. The Illinois River carries liquid water but it also carries some solids. Suspended solids (se diments) are small solid particles which remain in suspension in water as a colloid. The other main solid the Illinois River carries are dissolved solids (mostly salts). This is repetitive but rivers carry these solids to the ocean it is any rivers main role. The Illinois River has a dissolved salt content ranging from as low as 50 parts per million (ppm) near the head waters to as much as 1000 ppm in the lower reaches. The amount changes every year depending on Oklahoma weather. In the summer it is normal for Oklahoma temperatures to range from 98 degrees to 105 degrees. This causes the Illinois River to produce a lot of salt this is because it is released from all the waste in the river. The Illinois River doesn't have horrible waste compared to a lot of rivers like the Mississippi River. But I have definitely witnessed people just pouring cans of beer in the river. In Oklahoma there is a lot of irrigation this produces salt. The crops evapotranspire a huge amount of water. The cr ops release good and not so good nutrients from the underlying soil and rock. The Illinois river has suffered a lot of damage from irrigation, heat, and tourists. Since Oklahoma is very protective of our natural ecosystems laws have been put in place to protect the Illinois River. The only changes that occur on the river are usually natural (like salinity levels, wild life, drought, or flooding) because the laws put in place prohibit people from even littering in the river. Also, a lot of people volunteer to clean the river up. The Illinois River is a pretty clean river in a lot of parts the water is not muggy at all you can see to the bottom. There is not a lot of nitrogen and phosphorus pollution in the Illinois River. The total amount of

Herbert hoovers accomplishments essays

Herbert hoovers accomplishments essays President Herbert Hoover said, Blessed are the young for they shall inherit the national debt. Sadly, this is this is the way most people remember President Hoover. He was most known for supposedly causing The Great Depression, but he had many great accomplishments. A little known fact about him is that Hoover was actually a wonderful humanitarian. Even though during his presidency he was not very popular, he was one of our most popular politicians before he entered office. Nothing ends happily ,however; unfortunately he was blamed for causing the Great Depression. Hoover is one of the few presidents who was not a major political or military leader before he took office. He was actually a humanitarian. According to PageWise, at the outbreak of World War I, Hoover was asked to serve as head of the Commission for the Relief of Belgium. That helped provide food to the victims of war in Belgium. Hoover sacrificed all he had in order to feed the victims in Belgium; that included giving up his salary to pay for supplies. Hoovers CRB fed eleven million people and collected more than one billion dollars to support the operation. When America declared war on Germany in 1917, Hoover was asked to return home to take up the duties of the United States Food Administrator. Hoovers job was to teach Americas people how to need less food in order to send more food to the American army and our allies. Hoovers program reduced domestic consumption of food by 15% without rationing. Hoover became so popular with the people that his program for food conservation so on became known as Hooverizing. Hoover was an extremely popular man before he was elected in 1926 even though he had no professional political or military background. Hoover started his political career by serving as Secretary of Commerce under Presidents Harding and Coolidge. When Coolidge chose not to run for reelection, Hoover was...

Changing Roles of Unions Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Changing Roles of Unions - Assignment Example The unions currently engage in collective bargaining of benefits, wages and working conditions. Additionally, the unions represent employees during disputes with the management especially in cases of contract violations. Yates (2009), explain that both AFL-CIOÂ  and Change to Win Federation seek to achieve similar objectives for their members a feature that shows the split as a way of addressing contemporary labor issues. Key among such issues is globalization of labor and the development of the private sector. As such, the government, which is also a major employer, must uphold the values fronted by unions thereby safeguarding the interests of the employees. Additionally, the government should formulate appropriate legislations that protect the interests of workers thereby enhancing the development of unions in the country. Unions should observe the trends in the labor market thereby increasing their roles to protect workers from various factors in both the public and private sectors (Wunnava, 2008). Creation of appropriate organizational cultures that encompass the various diversities in the society is appropriate. Human resource managers must create a friendly working environment for their employees by permitting them to form unions since such is a constitutional right. The managers must meet the demands of such unions since they always enhance the productivity of the

Health care Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 20

Health care - Essay Example Therefore, one should make financial options because they are many ways of receiving financial support in starting a health care business. These include receiving grants, loans, contribution from families, bootstrap or venture capitalist. For instance, an entrepreneur may choose bootstrap as a financial option. However, it is essential to focus on the external financing sources rather than internal financial sources only. 2. One of the significant steps of becoming a successful entrepreneur is making the decision on funding alternatives and employing target marketing strategies. One should evaluate the target market by employing strategies that can contribute to effective business performance. Many entrepreneurs fail to sustain the business venture because of failure to select  clear financial alternative and  the target marketing strategy. Therefore, before starting a business, an entrepreneur should evaluate the safety of business finance and focus on factors that will enable an entrepreneur to return the money. Moreover, determining the required finance for starting the business is crucial because it will enable an entrepreneur to make effective financial options. Thus, realizing the financing level of the business start-up will enable an entrepreneur to become successfully in the competitive health care

Management report on Intel Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Management report on Intel - Case Study Example It is essential that Intel move fast to close the gap in embedded segments in order to compete effectively and take advantage of the growing mobile and tablet segment. A company’s strategy should be directed at availing a product or service, which is distinctive from what the competitors are offering or establishing competitive capabilities that the rivals cannot match. Intel has also developed expertise and resource strengths, which have provided the company with competitive capabilities that are hard for the competitors to imitate. Intel has appreciated that winning lasting competitive edge over the rival necessitates that the company build competitive valuable expertise and capabilities, instead of merely having a distinctive product. Intel enjoys high reputation, economies of scale, and capability to innovate technological processes at low cost. Intel has encountered difficulties in its attempt to redefine itself in an era typified by stagnating desktop and net book PC unit. Although, AMD can be regarded as the only major competitor within the PC microprocessor market, Intel encounters intense competition from established firms using ARM technology such as Texas Instruments, Qualcomm, and Broadcom. Moreover, the number of processors within the devices are set t rise as the devices becomes more capable (Haberberg, 2014). Besides, Intel can no longer depend on the relationship it has built over the last two decades with firms such as HP, Dell, and IBM; hence, Intel will now be required to forge fresh relationship with cloud service providers (known to be aggressive and cost conscious). Intel has adopted a differentiation strategy as a mode of competition. This is manifest in the products and services possessing high to moderate prices since the majority of clients are ready to pay the premium so as to get the best, most efficient, the fastest, top of the line PC components. The campaign â€Å"Intel Inside† has helped to

Oracle Corporation Essay Example for Free

Oracle Corporation Essay The Central Intelligence Agency had commissioned the project to build a commercial database management system for IBM mainframe computers and code-named it Oracle. Software Development Laboratories took the Oracle name in 1982. After completion of the project, Ellison, Miner, Oates, and Scott had a vision of developing and distributing their database software as a profitable business opportunity. From 1982 to 1986, Oracle had achieved 100% growth. On March 15th, 1986, Oracle went public, one day after Microsoft’s initial public offering. From 1986 to 1989, revenues skyrocketed from $55 million to $584 million, making it one of the largest independent software companies in the world, employing over 4,000 people in 24 countries. The Oracle Corporation’s objective of becoming a profitable database software company had been achieved. Market and industry growth continued until the third quarter of 1990. Oracle suffered a $15 million dollar loss on $240 million in revenues. Between 1988 and 1991, operating margins had plummeted from 23 to 3 percent. During this time, the company’s stock value also fell. Oracle responded by letting go of 400 employees in the United States and reorganizing its senior management team. This business problem was the direct result of something the company simply overlooked. As the company was focusing all of its energies on growth during the late 1980’s, they were losing sight of their internal operations and infrastructure. They also planned their expenses based on the 100% annual growth rate they experienced in the prior years, causing them to lose money. In addition, they delayed the delivery of their latest product, which allowed the competition to draw closer to them. However, the release of their next product would see Oracle quickly rebound and turn things back around. In July of 1991, Oracle was working on a new database software that had the ability to manage text, video, audio, and other data through a set of loosely connected servers. This database software was called Oracle 7, and was one of many IT solutions that would put Oracle ahead of the competition and save the company. 996 saw database sales grow by 20 percent and then to 10 percent in 1997, the year Microsoft released its rival SQL server, which was a cheaper alternative database release with aspirations of stealing Oracle’s market share. During this time, Oracle attempted to expand beyond databases and entered into the two largest application software markets, enterprise resource planning and customer relationship management. Ellison saw this as a lucrative business opportunity, considering the fact that the ERP market was estimated at $20 billion in 1999 and projected to exceed $65 billion by 2003. The CRM market was estimated at $4 billion in 1999 and projected to exceed $16 billion by 2003. Ellison recognized that CEO’s wanted to understand profitability per costumer and to be able to detect dissatisfaction before the customer leaves. He realized that ERP and CRM software would allow CEO’s to do that by turning database information into knowledge about consumers. Ellison’s vision of internet-enabled software began to take shape in 1999 with the release of Oracle8i. It was followed by internet-enabled versions of all the company’s key software products. A key IS solution in the development of Oracle Corporation would be Oracle e-Business Suite, which would include a collection of ERP and CRM applications that automated many necessary business functions. This would be the beginning of the high impact IS solutions to follow. In June of 1999, Ellison declared that Oracle would attempt to save $1billion dollars by the end of 2000 by transforming into an e-business. Ellison then eliminated all non-e-business options from the company. This bold move was an incredible success and a brilliant IS solution to some of the company’s business problems. The changes were easy and smooth to implement. An example given in the case was that of an expense report. In the past, a sales rep would fill out an expense report and manually send it to headquarters. Now the sales rep just completes the forms on the web where the report can be tracked. Not only did this create $6 million dollars in direct savings, the reports were easier and faster to complete. This solution did not only benefit employees, but customers, too. In the past if a customer wanted to demo Oracle’s software, a sales rep had to set an appointment to do the demo in person. Now, the sales rep can gain access to the customer’s browser and, over the phone, can do the demo over the browser at Oracle. com. The shift to self-service was a very necessary and profitable solution for Oracle. They began saving millions of dollars and hours of time. Another business problem Oracle had was a lack of centralization in the business. One clever way they did this was by changing incentives for country managers. Country manager’s incentives were originally based on revenue. This was to be changed to shift their incentives to be based on margin. In the past, 97 e-mail servers existed with almost 120 databases in over 50 countries. This was dramatically reduced when Oracle gave each country CEO a choice. They could receive free e-mail through Redwood Shores or pay to service an e-mail server, which would directly impact their margin, and ultimately, their variable pay. This was a very effective IS solution to the lack of centralization problem the business had. Oracle would continue to centralize the business by pulling human resources, legal, sales administration, and marketing out of each country office and consolidating them at Redwood Shores. Oracle now had a single system that served everything. Oracle saved a lot of wasted money by centralizing its marketing department. The products were the same in every country, so the centralization made sense and was absolutely necessary. By June of 2000, Oracle had gone from 63 to 17 company websites worldwide. By August 2000, the company was down to one website, Oracle. com. This solution saved the company a lot of money that was being wasted operating multiple websites for multiple countries and confusing the brand with different languages, colors, and logos. The transformation to e-business saved Oracle a ton of money, but this wasn’t the only benefit of the move. The switch also generated marketing pull. Oracle’s customer base grew as a result of having better information about their customers’ and sales outlets. The pull strategy came to fruition by two combining factors. The story of the company’s transformation combined with the new gained credibility the company received by performing this transformation so publicly. Now instead of sales reps attempting to sell the CEO of another company their software, CEO’s were going directly to Oracle technology to transform their own businesses. This pull allowed Oracle to open an online store, as opposed to hiring more sales people to handle the increased demand. This latest IS solution, in turn, created more sales. In 1999, Oracle began streamlining its Oracle University, which supported 2500 full-time employees in 143 countries while enrolling about 500,000 students annually. These Oracle courses led to the certification of developers and programmers that the company needed to continue growth. This business solution was yet another great move designed to farm their own employees. iLearning technology was then created as a means of a continuing education extension to Oracle University’s certification process. This software would be hosted online and could be updated daily without patches. Oracle Corporation is a great example of a company who had the ability to predict the future of technology and make innovations to lead the industry. They took risks, and they paid off. Larry Ellison took a big risk when he eliminated all non-e-business elements out of his business and made the transformation to e-business, and his company was rewarded with tremendous cost savings and higher revenues. He also predicted at the end of a June 2000 press conference that the software industry would vanish and be replaced by a service industry. This remains to fully be seen, but it appears there could be truth to this. Cloud computing has been the next innovation in computer technology, as we say many companies now providing services that used to require us to install software on our computers.

Characteristics of Phobias Depression and OCD

Characteristics of Phobias Depression and OCD Phobias A phobia is an extreme, irrational fear of a particular situation or object, and is an example of an anxiety disorder. There are several types of phobias but three include agoraphobia, social anxiety disorder, and specific phobias. The characteristics of phobias can be divided into three categories: Behavioural there are two types of behavioural characteristics and they are avoidance and panic. Avoidance is the key behavioural characteristic and this is because when someone with a phobia is presented with an object or is put into a fearful situation, the first initial thing they will do is avoid it. A prime example of this is if someone has a social phobia, they will avoid being in big crowds, and if someone who has arachnophobia they will avoid being near spiders. Panic on the other hand is the other behavioural characteristic and this happens when they come face-to-face with their fears and cannot avoid it. This results in panic and causes a high level of stress and anxiety on the person. What can also happen is it can result in the person freezing due to the fear being so intense. This is part of the fight or flight fear response. This freezing response is an adaptive response to make a predator think that their prey is dead. Emotional The main emotional characteristic of phobia are unreasonable and excessive fear, panic, anxiety, and a feeling of dread. An emotional response is set off by the anticipation or the presence of a specific situation or object, which is excessive in relation to the danger actually posed as. Cognitive there are also two types of cognitive characteristics and they are irrational beliefs and selective attention. A persons phobia is defined by their irrational thinking about the stimulus and this causes them to fear. An example of this is a person who suffers from arachnophobia may think that all spiders are deadly, despite the fact that no spiders in the UK are deadly. On the other hand, if a person with a phobia is presented by a situation or object they fear of, they will find it hard to concentrate because they are preoccupied by anxious thoughts, and will therefore direct their attention elsewhere. This means that because of their selective attention, it will cause them to become fixated on the object they fear due to their irrational thoughts and beliefs about the danger. Depression: Depression is one of the most common mood disorder, and mood disorders can be characterised through strong emotions, which can affect the way a person functions normally in their daily lives. A mood disorder can affect an individuals behaviour, perceptions and thinking. There are different types of depression such as manic depression known as a bipolar disorder, and major depression known as a unipolar disorder. There are a range of possible symptoms people who suffer with depression can experience. In order for someone to become diagnosed with major depression, sufferers are required to show at least five symptoms every day for at least two weeks. Characteristics are then divided into three groups which are: Physical/behavioural symptoms there are many behavioural characteristics of depression including pain especially headaches, muscle ache and joint ache, change in appetite, lack of activity, and insomnia. First of all there is often a change in the persons activity level, with sufferers constantly feeling tired. Leading on from this, sufferers then often experience sleep disturbance, with some people sleeping more, or less, or experiencing insomnia. Finally, sufferers whose appetite changes may have significant weight changes too due to them eating less than usual or more, and losing or gaining weight. Affective/emotional symptoms the key emotional symptoms of depression include extreme feelings of sadness, despair and hopelessness. Sufferers will also experience feelings of worthlessness and anhedonia which is no longer having an interest in activities that used to be pleasurable. Diurnal mood variation can also occur and this is the change in mood throughout the day, for example feeling worse in the morning time. Even though experiencing a depressed mood is the most common emotional symptom of depression, some people experience anger that can be directed towards others or themselves. Anger can also lead to self-harming behaviours sadly. Cognitive symptoms along with the behavioural and emotional symptoms of depression, there are also cognitive symptoms. Cognitive symptoms are things such as experiencing persistent negative beliefs about their abilities and themselves. Along with this it involves suicidal thoughts and finding it difficult to maintain or pay attention. Sufferers are often slower in responding at making or to decisions.   Furthermore, they are also more inclined to just focus on the negatives and not identify the positives and in some cases this can lead to them experiencing recurrent thoughts of death, suicide or self-harm. OCD: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has two parts which are obsessions and compulsions. The majority of people who suffer from OCD that experience obsessions and compulsions that are linked together. The three types of characteristics for OCD are: Behavioural compulsions of OCD are the behavioural aspect and for people who suffer with OCD, compulsions have two properties. One of these properties is that compulsions are mental or physical repetitive actions. Sufferers will often feel the need to repeat a behaviour, for example repetitive hand washing. The second property is compulsions are used to reduce anxiety or prevent a feared situation from occurring but in reality they would not actually stop a dreaded situation and are excessive. For example with the excessive hand washing being caused by an excessive fear of bacteria or germs, it is therefore a direct response to the obsession. Emotional the emotional characteristics of OCD are usually characterised by anxiety caused by the obsessions. However, some of the sufferers of OCD also experience depression due to the anxiety they go through. As the obsessions for the sufferer are persistent, this causes a high level of anxiety for them. This anxiety can result in them having low moods and a loss of pleasure in everyday activities, because these everyday activities are being interrupted by the repetitive compulsions and obsessive thoughts. Cognitive Obsessions are the cognitive part of OCD and are the reoccurring and persistent thoughts, impulses and images.   Examples of these are the fear of safety by leaving windows and doors open, perfectionism a fear of not being the best, and fear of contamination by germs and dirt. For people who suffer from OCD, these thoughts keep happening over and over again. The sufferers tries to ignore the thoughts, impulses or images however it unable to. In most people these thoughts cause stress and anxiety. Some sufferers of OCD try to deal with their obsessions by introducing cognitive strategies. An example of this is sufferers with religious obsessions might pray over and over again in order to reduce their feelings of being immoral. Furthermore, sufferers of OCD realise that their compulsions and obsessions are irrational, so they experience selective attention which is directed towards the anxiety-generating stimuli. This is similar to the selective attention people with phob ias have.

Science and Technology in Reflections and Enemies of Promise :: Reflections Enemies

Science and Technology in Reflections and Enemies of Promise      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The controversy over science is the central argument in both Max Born's "Reflections" and J. Michael Bishop's "Enemies of Promise." Science and technology have greatly influenced and improved the way people live in a society. However, while Born argues that science is the essence of the "breakdown of human civilization" (208), Bishop strongly disagrees with Born's views: that scientists must take responsibility for their inventions and discoveries. Born's essay partly portrays a negative view towards scientists and science. It shows examples of inventions along with their negative effects towards nature and the world. For example, "medicine has overcome most plagues and epidemic diseases and it has doubled the human lifespan within a single generation: the result . . . catastrophic overpopulation" (Born 209). On the other hand, Bishop believes that science has a more positive impact on the world. To him, "We live in an age of scientific triumph. Science has solved many of nature's puzzles and greatly enlarged human knowledge" (237). Bishop's view is right. But a point of similarity between the two works is   that to be a true scientist one needs a complete education, which includes humanistic subjects like literature, art, philosophy, history, religion, and music. For instance in Born's words, "Scientists should not be cut off from humanistic thinking" (212), for it has "insights to offer into the human condition" (Bishop 238). Here both agree.    Another strong argument is that society's judgment of science is clouded by ignorance. "It blames science for what are actually the failures of individuals or society to use the knowledge that science has provided. The blame is misplaced" (Bishop 239). For example, the government spends millions of dollars on the tobacco industry even though it is a proven scientific fact that tobacco kills. This shows that some people only want to misuse scientific products, so they should be prepared to take responsibility for their action and not blame it on science as Born implies.    Although Born's "Reflections" and Bishop's "Enemies of Promise" share some similar points the main focus of each work is quite different. In "Reflections", Born "confesses a sense of responsibility for the break down in human civilization" (208).